Bum La Pass Travel Guide: Everything You Need to Know Before You Go
Shreyasi Chakraborty
June 29, 2025 . 10 Minute read
Bum La Pass: A Frozen Frontier of History and Valor in Arunachal Pradesh
High up in the Eastern Himalayas in Western Arunachal Pradesh, at an unbelievable height of 15,200 feet (4,633 meters), where icy winds whisper tales of valor, lies the legendary Bum La Pass.
A living chapter of India’s history, it is where frozen Himalayan silence meets the echoes of the 1962 Indo-China War. Bum La Pass is not a usual travel destination—it is once-in-a-lifetime experience reminding us to stand still, breathe deeply, and remember. At Bum La Pass, on the remote Indo-China border, amidst frozen mountains, snow-draped roads, pristine frozen lakes, the Indian Army stands tall, guarding a land shaped by courage and sacrifice.
Just 37 kilometers from Tawang, Bum La was the site of fierce battles during the 1962 Indo-China War. Today it stands as a peaceful outpost of strategic importance, open only to Indian nationals with a special permit. Visiting Bum La is a privilege — not just because it requires a special permit, but because it gives Indian citizens a rare, humbling glimpse into the lives and legacy of Indian soldiers who have protected India’s frontiers and continue to do so, in some of the harshest conditions on earth.
This complete travel guide to Bum La Pass will help you understand why this high-altitude Indo-China border pass is more than just a point on a map. Whether you’re traveling solo, with friends, or family, exploring the Tawang circuit, this guide covers everything you need to know: from how to reach Bum La, to permits required, to what to expect when you stand at one of India’s highest and most solemn border outposts. Be ready — not just for the altitude, but for the emotions that often come unannounced.
Why Visit Bum La Pass on Your Arunachal Pradesh Trip?
Bum La Pass isn’t just a place on the map — it is where the land ends and the soul of India begins. Perched at a dizzying 15,200 feet (4,633 meters) above sea level, this high-altitude mountain pass near Tawang offers one of the most powerful and unforgettable experiences in the Northeast. Here’s why Bum La Pass is a must-visit when you venture into the wild, whispering landscapes of Arunachal Pradesh:
- Stand Tall at the Indo-China Border
At Bum La, stand at the edge of India, face to face with the Indo-China border — one of the highest and most sensitive military zones in the country. Witness the grit and discipline of the Indian Army, stationed here in harsh, freezing conditions year-round. It is a moment that fills your chest with pride, reverence, and deep gratitude.
- Walk Through the Legacy of the 1962 Indo-China War
Bum La Pass isn’t just a border — it’s a historic battlefield that still carries the echoes of valor. During the 1962 Indo-China War, Bum La pass saw fierce combat and unimaginable sacrifice. The cold, Himalayan winds carry with them the memories of soldiers who stood their ground against impossible odds.
- Visit the Joginder Singh War Memorial
At the heart of Bum La Pass stands a quiet yet powerful tribute — the Joginder Singh War Memorial, honoring Param Vir Chakra awardee Subedar Joginder Singh. In the 1962 Indo-China War, Singh and his platoon of just 20 men held their ground against waves of enemy soldiers at this very location. Wounded but undeterred, he fought till his last breath, embodying unmatched bravery and sacrifice.
Stand in solemn silence before this memorial — where the air carries echoes of courage — and salute a brave son of the nation.
- Drive Through One of the World’s Highest Motorable Roads
The journey to Bum La is as breathtaking as the destination. Winding through razor-sharp turns, steep climbs, and jaw-dropping views, this road is one of the highest motorable roads in India and the world. In winter, it is draped in pristine snow silent and surreal. In summer, bare cliffs rise dramatically against piercing blue skies. Frozen peaks, glacial lakes, and wild rhododendrons — this is no ordinary drive. It is a road trip that will be forever etched in your memory.
- Experience the High-Altitude Beauty and Silence
At an awe-inspiring altitude of 15,200 feet (4,633 meters), Bum La Pass is a realm of extremes and deep serenity. Far from the crowds, this remote mountain pass offers Himalayan silence that feels sacred. In winter, the landscape transforms into a white wonderland with heavy snowfall, and temperatures can plummet to -20°C (-4°F) or lower. In summer, the snow gives way to stark, rocky beauty, with daytime highs around 10°C (50°F) and nights dipping below 0°C (32°F).
No matter the season, the air is thin, the winds whisper, and the silence is profound. Here, surrounded by nothing but sky and stone, you don’t just see the scale of nature — you feel it in your bones.
- Marvel at Lakes Mirroring the Sky
In the road between Tawang and Bum La, nature outdoes itself. Glacial lakes like Pankang Teng Tso and Shonga-tser Tso (Sangestar Tso, famously called Madhuri Lake, after the Bollywood film Koyla was shot here) appear like mirrors laid out on the earth — shimmering in shades of turquoise, cobalt, and silver. At 12,000+ feet, these alpine gems reflect not just the sky, but your sense of wonder. Pause here, let the silence settle, and watch mountains ripple across water like a dream caught mid-breath.
Photo Notes: We came across this lake on our ride to Bum La Pass.
Things to Do at Bum La Pass
- Witness the Indo-China Line of Actual Control (LAC)
Witness the actual Indo-China Line of Actual Control (LAC) — a line not just on the map, but etched into the very mountains. Indian Army personnel will guide you through the history of the region, pointing toward the road that stretches all the way into Tsona County, Tibet. It is a surreal moment — to stand where two great nations meet under the watch of the snow-laden Himalayas.
- Speak with Guardians of the Border
Meet the brave Indian Army soldiers stationed at the remote, icy Bum La outpost. Hear firsthand stories of resilience, sacrifice, and duty. Take a moment to thank them. These conversations leave a lasting imprint, long after you have descended the pass.
- See the Indo-China Friendship Meeting Point
There is a designated Meeting Hut at Bum La where Indian and Chinese troops meet periodically for official discussions. While tourists cannot go inside, the structure symbolizes peaceful cooperation and diplomacy in a highly sensitive area.
- Play in Snow at 15,000 Feet
Bum La’s elevation means snowfall is frequent and sometimes unexpected — even in late spring and early summer. Build a snowman, toss snowballs, or simply leave your footprints on untouched Himalayan powder. With rocky ridges dusted in white and the silence of the mountains all around, it is a moment that feels straight out of a winter fairytale.
- Soak in the serenity of Pristine Himalayan Lakes
As you ascend towards Bum La, soak in the breathtaking beauty of alpine lakes like Pankang Teng Tso (P.T. Tso Lake), Nagula Lake, and Swayambhu Lake — each more surreal than the last. These glassy, high-altitude mirrors shimmer in shades of cobalt and teal, untouched and impossibly still.
Pause for a moment at over 13,000 feet at Y-Junction where the road forks — one leading to Bum La Pass, the other to the stunning Sangestar Tso (Madhuri Lake).
Don’t miss the detour to Madhuri Lake, a hauntingly beautiful lake of sunken trees and cinematic calm. Together, these lakes form a chain of magic — a slow reveal of nature’s quiet grandeur as you ascend into the clouds.
- Sip Hot Tea at 15,000 Feet
There is something soul-stirring about sipping a hot cup of tea at this altitude. Whether it is at the army-run canteen at Sangestar Tso or at Bum La Pass, this humble ritual feels sacred amid the biting wind and vast silence. It’s not just tea — it’s comfort, warmth, and a moment to reflect on where you are.
How to Reach Bum La Pass from Guwahati and Tawang
Reaching Bum La Pass is an adventure that begins in the lush plains of Assam and climbs into the cloud-kissed heights of Arunachal Pradesh. Here is how you can get to Bum La Pass, step by step:
Reach Guwahati by Air or Train
- Nearest airport: Guwahati (GAU) or the newly operational Tezpur Airport (TEZ).
- Nearest Railway Station: Guwahati Railway Station (GHY)
Guwahati to Bum La Pass by Road
- Distance from Guwahati to Bum La Pass: ~520 km
- Travel Time: 15–17 hours to Tawang (excluding overnight stops), then 2–3 hours from Tawang to Bum La
- Permit Requirement: Inner Line Permit (ILP) for Arunachal + Special Bum La Permit (from DC office, Tawang & army cantonment)
- The most common route from Guwahati is: Guwahati → Tezpur → Bhalukpong → Bomdila → Dirang → Sela Pass → Tawang → Y-Junction → Bum La Pass
- Guwahati to Bhalukpong (~245 km): A smooth drive that takes 5 to 6 hours. You will need to show your Inner Line Permit (ILP) here.
- Bhalukpong to Dirang (~130 km): A winding mountain drive through beautiful forested roads, taking 4 to 5 hours.
- Dirang to Tawang (~135 km) via Sela Pass: Steep ascent through pine forests, glacial streams, and panoramic views of the Himalayas. It takes around 5 to 6 hours depending on the weather.
Tawang to Bum La Pass (~35 km): An exciting 2-to-3-hour drive through steep, narrow, and snow-covered roads. The trip from Tawang to Bumla Pass can be done only with a local taxi registered with the Indian Army, along with proper permits.
Where to Stay Near Bum La Pass
Bum La Pass is located at a high altitude (15,200 feet) along the Indo-China border and is strictly controlled by the Indian Army. Civilians are not permitted to stay at or near the pass. The closest town with accommodations is Tawang, around 35 km away. Tawang offers a range of options that cater to different traveler needs and budgets.
Types of Accommodation in Tawang
- Homestays & Guesthouses: Get a warm Monpa welcome with home-cooked meals, ara (the local drink), and stories by the fire.
- Mid-range Hotels: Comfortable rooms, heating facilities, and great views of the valley and surrounding mountains.
- Premium Stays: Boutique stays with modern amenities and incredible views, especially near the monastery or on the outskirts of town.
Tip: It is best to stay in Tawang and plan a day trip to Bum La Pass, combining it with other attractions like Sangestar Lake and P.T. Tso Lake. You can also also explore Se La Pass, Jaswant Garh War Memorial, Nuranang (Jung) Waterfall, Tawang Monastery, Chak-zam Bridge, Tawang War Memorial, Bum La Pass, and Shonga-tser Tso (Madhuri Lake), and many other local attractions around Tawang.
Photo Notes: As you head toward Bumla Pass, watch for the lakes along the way—each one a little masterpiece in nature.
Responsible Travel Tips for Visiting Bum La Pass
Bum La Pass is more than just a high-altitude tourist spot — it is a sensitive border area patrolled by the Indian Army and holds deep historical and patriotic significance. As a traveler, it is important to respect its sanctity and tread mindfully.
- Respect Border Protocols
Bum La Pass lies on the Line of Actual Control (LAC) and access is controlled. You must obtain a special permit from the Deputy Commissioner’s Office in Tawang, with Army approval. Always carry valid photo ID and obey the Army’s instructions without question. - No Photography Near Army Posts
Do not photograph military installations, personnel, or sensitive areas. Stick to designated spots, and when in doubt, ask an officer before taking pictures. - Leave No Trace
High-altitude ecosystems are fragile. Carry reusable bottles, avoid littering, and take all trash back with you. There are no shops or dustbins near Bum La — what you carry in, carry out. - Don’t Disturb the Natural Environment
Avoid picking alpine flowers or wandering off marked routes. The terrain is both ecologically sensitive and potentially dangerous. - Respect Soldiers
These soldiers endure extreme conditions to guard our borders. A simple greeting or thank-you goes a long way. Avoid crowding or asking personal questions — instead, express genuine respect and gratitude. - Be Mindful of Altitude
Spend limited time at the top to avoid altitude sickness. Descend if you feel dizzy or breathless. Avoid alcohol or heavy meals before ascending Bum La Pass.
Photo Notes: The wind was strong when we reached this spot—adding to the surreal experience. The mountain you see in the distance belongs to China’s Tsona County.
Permits and Travel Requirements for Bum La Pass
- Indian Citizens Only
Bum La Pass is accessible only to Indian citizens. Foreign nationals are not permitted due to its sensitive location near the Indo-China border. - Inner Line Permit (ILP)
Before entering Arunachal Pradesh, all Indian tourists must apply for an Inner Line Permit (ILP). This can be done online through the official website or obtained at check gates posts in Arunachal Pradesh.
- Special Bum La Pass Permit
You also need a special permit from the Office of the Deputy Commissioner in Tawang and clearance from the Indian Army. Most hotels or local travel agents in Tawang will help arrange this for you. Apply at least 1 day in advance, and carry multiple photocopies of ID proof, vehicle documents, and ILP. - Vehicle and Timing Restrictions
Only locally registered vehicles with army-approved permits are allowed to drive to Bum La. The route is open only from 7 AM to 2 PM, depending on weather and army permissions. Travel is not allowed during heavy snow or rains.
Photo Notes: As we made our way back from Bumla Pass to Tawang, the sky lit up in colors we’ll never forget. One of the most peaceful sunsets we’ve ever seen. If you look closely, you can see the silhouette of Tawang Monastery in the distance.
Conclusion
Why Bum La Pass Stays with You
A trip to Bum La Pass is not about ticking off a destination. It’s about feeling a connection to India’s geography, its unsung heroes, and its spiritual silence. The chill in the air, the distant mountains, the flutter of flags — everything comes together in a way that humbles you.
Whether it’s for the views, the soldiers, or the soul, Bum La will leave a mark. Make sure your Arunachal journey includes this unforgettable stop.
Ready to Explore Bum La Pass and More? Choose from our Group Trip options.
Want to experience Bumla Pass beyond just a quick stop-and-click? Join our Arunachal Pradesh group tour packages — thoughtfully curated immersive journeys through the high Himalayas. Our route from Guwahati to Tawang takes you through scenic valleys, mountain villages, and, of course, a meaningful stop at Sela Pass.
Whether you are a motorcycle enthusiasts dreaming of chasing Himalayan curves, a slow traveler seeking soulful connections, or a first-time explorer wanting to explore India’s best-kept secret — our Arunachal Pradesh group tour packages offer you perfect soul–enriching journey.
On our group trips, you will:
- Stand at the edge of the nation at Bum La Pass and feel the stillness of Sangestar Tso (Madhuri Lake).
- Honor a hero’s legacy at the Joginder Singh War Memorial.
- Stay in cozy, handpicked stays in Dirang, Tawang, Shergaon, and Bomdila.
- Share stories by the bonfire, taste local cuisines, and form real bonds with fellow travelers from all over India.
- Explore spiritual and cultural marvels — from the grandeur of Tawang Monastery to hidden gems like Chug Valley, Shergaon, and Mandala Top.
- Discover the heart of Monpa culture — from traditional cuisine to the ancient craft of paper-making and more.
Travel as a part of a vibrant group discovering Northeast India through local eyes, local food, and deep connections.
So, pack your bags, grab that warm jacket, and get ready to explore a side of India few ever see — the untamed magic of Arunachal Pradesh.
Limited seats. Maximum memories.
Early bird bookings are now open for trips between August to December 2025.
Book your spot today!
Frequently Asked Questions
Bum La Pass is located near the Indo-China border, approximately 37 km from Tawang town in Arunachal Pradesh, at an altitude of about 15,200 feet.
Yes. Indian citizens need two permits: an Inner Line Permit (ILP) for entering Arunachal Pradesh and a special permit from the DC Office in Tawang to visit Bum La Pass.
Yes, it is safe, but it is a sensitive border zone. Respect all army guidelines and stay within designated visitor areas. Weather can change quickly, so be prepared.
No, Bum La Pass is currently open only to Indian nationals due to security restrictions.
April, May, and October are ideal for visiting Bum La — with clear skies, shimmering lakes, and smooth roads. Winter (November to March) turns the pass into a snow-covered wonderland, but access is often restricted due to heavy snowfall. Monsoon (June–August) is best avoided due to frequent landslides and slippery conditions.
Dress warm — carry gloves, windproof jackets, and thermals, even in summer. Carry enough water. Start early, as weather can change quickly and roads may close by afternoon. Avoid alcohol due to the altitude, and always carry printed ID and permits for multiple check posts. If you feel unwell, seek help immediately — altitude sickness can strike without warning.
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